Germs free essay sample

He had three sisters and one brother that died when he was 1 years old. Louis Pasteur’s sisters names were Jeanne Antoine Pasteur, Josephine Pasteur and Jeanne Emile Pasteur. Jean Denis was his brother name and their mother name was Jean Pasteur. Their father owned a tanner and worked to make leather. His father was once in the army and won lots of medal, awards by his achviements with hard work. While Louis Pasteur was little he enjoyed arts also went to school in Arbors where him and parents moved. At 1845 he went to collage and he received a doctor science degree after he went to be a teacher to a professor. At 1849 Pasteur got married and had five kids. Three of his kids died of bad sickness that couldn’t be cured . Louis Pasteur went on to be a life changer to the world and save millions of lives. (Parker 10). We will write a custom essay sample on Germs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Louis Pasteur influenced and had a major impact on society through his, discoveries, Journey and inventions. Where would the world be without Louis Pasteur discoveries? People will not survive longer, will be unhealthy and will be affected by diseases that will not be cured or how to prevent it. The sickness in their bodies will spread to generation to generation without things to prevent the sickness. Louis Pasteur is a big sanctity to the word and things he discovered. At the time of year 1800s peoples and animals where dieing by the food theywere eating, they didn’t no why foods that there eating were killing them. Louis Pasteur brother died at the age of one by the sickness. Louis Pasteur realized that something was really wrong of people and animals dieing. Pasteur stared his experiment in a small attic that turns to a laboratory. Started on foods and inside foods that people and animals were eating also their immune system and things that effects the immune system of animals and humans and how they work. He started to interview people to see what kinds of food there were eating and stared first to look inside of fruits with a microscope. He Found these little tiny things inside that were called germs that are tiny organisms, or living things, that can cause disease. Germs are very bad and can go into people’s bodies also we cause harms to living things like animals. He continued to look through foods see what other bad organisms that cause harm into peoples and animals bodies. Louis found that the milk of cows that people make butter into have bacteria that also a living organisms that cause harm to bodies and causes bad diseases. Pasteur kept trying to find bad organism and later on he Discovered microbes that are cells that are bad in our immune system that were in animals and humans bodies that also causes disease to harm people and killed them. Louis was concerned that most people were dieing because of there drinking beer and wine. Pasteur discovered that there where another bad organisms that causes sickness of disease that was called yeast that where found in wine. After he started to tell governments, peoples about these things he discovered that he found in the foods and drinks they where eating. Louis Pasteur warned people about these bad organisms disease that harm living things like people. People stared to realize the things that were killing them. People would not know how or why people and animals are dying without Louis Pasteur discoveries. The second thing how he changes the sanctity is by his inventions. People where having a big argument with Louis Pasteur of how can they cure the sickness and get rid of it. People can survive longer by living healthily to be better humans. Also the government was concerned about this food killing germs, bacteria, microbes and yeast. The Government told Louis Pasteur to find how to cure and prevent the bad disease germs, bacteria, microbes and yeast. Louis Pasteur started to research of how to cure the diseases and prevent it of happing again. Louis Pasteur finally found a method for curing these dangerous diseases the method he found was pasteurization. Pasteurization is a very useful thing now to the society that kills bad things like bacteria. That are inside foods that we use to eat it’s by heating the beverages to make the food healthier to kill the bad things that were on our food. Thanks to Louis Pasteur made the world find ways and uses ways to kill these bad sicknesses of happing again. Louis Pasteur found more ways of curing bad disease he invented something that will treat people that already have been sick by diseases that was called vaccination that goes in peoples and animal’s bodie to cure and prevent the food disease or disease of happing again. Louis Pasteur and other smart scientist went to find if the vaccination that Louis Pasteur invented really works to cure diseases. Louis Pasteur and his scientist group went to first try it on animals to see if it works if it works they will go to the second level humans. After a few weeks Pasteur went to see if things got better with animals after all it was successful then went on with humans. Now a day will use Louis Pasteur method and invention. Louis Pasteur secret words were Let me tell you the secret that has led me to my goal: My strength lies solely in my tenacity. (Louis Pasteur). What it means is that his performance does the work of successful . Louis Pasteur risk his life saving billons of people also animals by his methods and intentional made people realize the reason their where dieing and to be more healthy to have a beautiful planet. The third thing Louis Pasteur changes the sanctity is by his journeys. Louis Pasteur is very successful is by his work to make the world more healthy by his discoveries, invention and his journals. Pasteur not only help cured his country he wrote many books of his discoveries, invention and journal to help other people in the world to be healthier and live longer. Pasteur also went to different countries to teach people how to cure the disease. To proved medicines for them and their animals to live longer to also eat their foods safely without no diseases going in there body. Also provide medicines in hospital in different countries, taught people how to use it property to injectect people and

How to Color Your Urine Safely

How to Color Your Urine Safely Have you ever wanted to color your urine or wondered what causes urine to become colored? If so, youre in luck! Heres a little bit of applied color chemistry for your entertainment and experimentation pleasure: Violet- Violet or purple liquid is not something you see in the toilet bowl every day. However, you can  get violet or purple urine if you eat both beets (red) and methylene blue dye (blue), which is safe in low quantities. Blue- Methylene blue will turn your urine blue or greenish-blue. It can also color the whites of your eyes blue. The coloration of both urine and eyes is reversible. At one time, methylene blue was considered to be an effective treatment ​against malaria. As far as urine colorants go, this one is considered to be reasonably safe to eat, though you should be aware some people are allergic to it. Food coloring may turn your urine blue. A rare, inherited disease known as porphyria can also cause blue urine. King George IIIs blue urine may have been attributable to porphyria. Green- Asparagus will turn urine green and also will give it a very strong odor (although not everyone can smell it).  Food coloring can also turn your urine green, as can certain medications. Yellow- Yellow is the normal color of urine. If your pee is too pale to detect the color, it means youre over-hydrated. If you have colorless urine yet want a yellow tint, you can take a vitamin B12 capsule. Another option, which is also extremely fast, is to drink a colored energy drink. Look for one that contains added B vitamins. Amber- Dark golden urine often results from dehydration (not drinking enough water). A very dark color might indicate the presence of bile in urine, which is symptomatic of a medical condition. To safely darken yellow urine, try taking a B vitamin. Drinking an energy drink wont help because the caffeine acts as a diuretic, adding more water to your urine and making it colorful, but pale. Orange- Eating rhubarb or senna can turn your urine orange. Senna is a dangerous herb to mess with. Stick with rhubarb (just dont eat the leaves as theyre poisonous). Red- Eating beets or blackberries can turn your urine red. Blueberries can also tint urine pink. Even though the berries are blue, the pigment in them is a natural pH indicator that changes color. The normal pH of urine is slightly acidic first thing in the morning, trending toward slightly alkaline later in the day. The color of your urine resulting from foods youve eaten can be affected by the time of day you eat them. Pink- Pink urine can result from a urinary tract infection or from eating smaller quantities of beets or blackberries. Brown- Brown urine can be the result of kidney dysfunction, jaundice, or from an overdose of the herb goldenseal. Brown urine is not a good thing. You should probably avoid this color, if at all possible. Black- Black is not a good color for your urine. Black urine results from Blackwater Fever, which is associated with malaria. The black color comes from massive death of your blood cells, leading (usually) to death.   Milky or Cloudy- This results from blood, protein, or pus in the urine and usually indicates illness and is not an effect you can achieve by eating or drinking something non-toxic. Clear- All it takes to achieve clear urine is to drink plenty of water. Dont go overboard, though, since even too much water can be bad for you. If you decide to try any of these out for yourself, make sure to read the safety information that accompanies the chemicals carefully and use common sense. If youre concerned you have colored urine due to an illness, be sure to consult a health care professional.

Aircraft materials and hardware Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Aircraft materials and hardware - Essay Example The choice of the right material for a particular overhaul job stresses understanding of the common physical and chemical properties of different metals. Another aspect of aircraft maintenance and repair is that aircraft hardware is frequently ignored since of the insignificant size of the parts. But, selection of right hardware for the use in aircraft is very vital for the efficient operation and safety of any aircraft. The goal of this essay is to emphasize the importance of material, its various process and hardware selection for the use in aircraft structures (faa.gov, ND). Introduction The earlier aircraft materials must refer timber as the first materials used to create a power-driven aircraft. The Wright brothers involved mainly of Sitka spruce and bamboo fastened and bolted together to make a canvas-covered assembly. Aircraft made by wooden material were very successful in the initial years of flying. Currently, timber is only fit for fairly small aircraft. As the requirement for larger aircraft became unavoidable for the modern society, materials with superior specific strength come to be essential. Currently airplane consists mainly of aluminum alloys with steel, titanium alloys and polymer compounds. The equilibrium of materials does rest on on the kind of airplane as military fighter airplanes have much higher amounts of composites and titanium alloys. In this essay more emphasize is given to aircraft materials and its different processes. Pure aluminum and Aluminum alloys Airplane must be made of material with lesser weight to carry more loads and to reduce fuel consumption. The more travelers an airplane can transport the more income an aircraft corporation can create. At the same time as pure aluminum have less weight, very good corrosion resistance and exceptional thermal and electrical conductivity but it is weak and ductile to be used on aircraft structure in its pure form. The credit goes to Dr. Alfred Wilma, a German metallurgist, who found out that aluminum alloyed with copper and heat treated properly can be made much sturdier. The alloy of aluminum with 4% copper is said to be Duralumin and the heat treatment procedure is termed as precipitation hardening. After this Duralumin have characteristically little specific gravity and great strength (450 MPa). Since it is restricted to a maximum amenity temperature of around 660Â °C supplementary heat treatable aluminum alloys have been developed for aircraft use. These comprise a variety of intricate aluminum-zinc alloys which improve the maximum strength of several aluminum alloys. These alloys have used for contemporary aircraft design in which the skin of the fuselage and wings are stressed aluminum alloy parts that lessen the total heaviness of the aircraft. The disadvantage of the aluminum alloys discussed above have a drawback of not being as corrosion resistant as compared to pure aluminum. Therefore a thin coating of pure aluminum is usually fused to either sides of the alloy and is called Alclad aluminum alloy. Even though titanium is very costly it is used where great strength is required in load bearing applications for example, landing gear and engine escalating supports

Recommendations to some of the pertinent HRM problems Essay

Recommendations to some of the pertinent HRM problems - Essay Example The model was chosen because it covers the SWOT analysis, a focus on the training on teams for fostering a more participatory organizational culture, Training programs for the HR group Promotion & recruitment within the company, Performance related pay (PRP) & Annual bonus which is related to company performance, Individual Development and feedback, and finally Performance Appraisals. These points were the recommendations made to address the HRM problems identified in the case. The recommendation was adapted from the work of existing scholars such as Kotter, and Gilbreath. The field of human resource (HR) management is one of the many interesting area of research that has witnessed a paradigm shift within the last few decades (Huselid, A. M., 1995Doty &Delery 1996). Within this area of research, an increasing body of literature contains the argument that, high performance work practices, including comprehensive employee's recruitment, selection procedures, incentives compensation and performance management systems, and extensive employee's involvement and training can improve the knowledge, skills and abilities of firms (Huselid, A. M., (1995), Doty &Delery (1996). Today, with the increasing researchers desires to demonstrate the importance of an effective human resource policy on organisation performance research has shifted from a micro level that previously dominated research interest to a more general, strategic macro level (Huselid, A. M., 1995, Doty &Delery 1996). The term human resource management is not new. It has been widely used by scholars and managers to refer to the set of policies designed to maximize organizational integration, employee commitment, flexibility and quality of work (Huselid, A. M., 1995, Doty &Delery 1996) Jackson & Shuler (2002) referred to it as an umbrella term that encompasses (a).specific human resources practices such as recruitment, selection and appraisal and (b). formal human resource policies which directs and partially constrain the development of specific practices and in all, it comprise a system that attracts develops, motivates and retains those employees who ensure the effective functioning and survival of the organisation and its members (Jackson & Schuler 2002). Cobb Gnyawali & Offstein (2006:315) argued that while effective human resource management and policies have, indeed, been linked to strategic outcomes, human resource management theory has yet to link human assets and HR practices directly to the building blocks of strategy and competitive behavior. Accordingly, their model of strategic human resources links both micro and macro literature streams. 1.1 Structure of Work This paper is aimed at analyzing the case study of the absentee bus crews. The Coal Valley Company where absence seems to be a more acute problem. Absence and lateness are the regular cause of disrupted bus services and are rated as the chief concern of local management. This paper is therefore going to analyse the case thoroughly by looking at the main issues discussed in the case study in section 2 below; evaluating the management control system as described in the case study in section 3 below; analyzing the case using agency and contingency theories in section 4; comparing and contrasting agency and

INtro to rela dbase Business Intelligence and Data Warehouses week 9 Assignment

INtro to rela dbase Business Intelligence and Data Warehouses week 9 - Assignment Example Since it operates with such huge data sets, an OLAP database is substantial on CPU and plate bandwidth. A data warehouse is intended to handle extensive investigative inquiries. An OLTP database system emphasizes extremely complex tables and joins because the data is standardized. In other terms, it is organized in a manner that no data is copied. Using this method to make data relational conveys storage and handling efficiencies. In addition, this method also permits those sub-second reaction times (Rahman, 2011). In an OLAP database framework, data is composed particularly to encourage reporting and examination, not for rapid value-based needs. The information is de-normalized to improve explanatory inquiry reaction times and give usability to business clients. Fewer tables and an easier structure bring about simpler reporting and examination. Operational data and decision support data serve diverse purposes. Most operational information is put away in a social database whereby the structures have a tendency to be profoundly standardized. Operational data stockpiling is improved to help transactions that concern day by day operations. To compel the performances given, operational frameworks store data in numerous tables, each with a base count of fields. Decision support data contrast from operational data in three fundamental ranges Operational data are ordinarily stored in numerous tables, and the information stored concern the data around a certain transaction only. Decision support data are put away in relatively fewer tables that store information obtained from operational data. The decision support data do exclude the subtle elements of every operational transaction. The operational databases continuous and fast information renewal make data irregularities a conceivably devastating issue. Accordingly, the data neces sities in a common transaction framework for the

Ethical Implications Of Layoffs And Downsizing

Ethical Implications Of Layoffs And Downsizing The business world has been facing a tough and complex market environment in the recent years. As the economy swings down, majority of firms try find themselves is try to cut some costs and increase profit to survive in the market for long-period. One of the easiest ways to cut cost is through reducing staff and layoff jobs. The elimination of jobs will certainly reduce some expenses like salary expenses, payroll costs as well as human resources costs and so on. leading to increase additional funds for any potential investment that the firm could face to upturn profit. Likely firms could use such strategy like reducing staff and facing no legal action or policy violation, which leads to presents many ethical problems between stakeholders and firms (Baston, Blake Neff, 2007). Its important to understand ethics because it keeps people away from doing whats wrong. If an individuals have no ethics, they would do the wrong thing whenever they believe it benefit them as long as they get away. For example, a person will keep stealing as long as no one is watching him. Similar to business ethics, if a business operates in ethical manners, that will indeed increase the value of a business. For example, if a firm follows the code of ethics in every day decision, it will increase expectations of a social community to ward a firm and customers would like to keep trading with a business and that of course will lead to increase sales of goods/services or both. Ethics is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of right or wrong behaviour-in both how we think and behave toward others and how we could like them to think and behave toward us (Ghillyer, 2008, p. 51). In most situations ethical choices are clear cut that the person can easily decide what is right or wrong thing to do based on ethical principles. Also try to treat others as we would like to be treated; as its expressed by The Golden Rule Do unto others as you would have them do unto you (Ghillyer, 2008, p. 7). However, people choices could also be challenged when they face situation when two or more moral values are in conflict which its known as Ethical dilemma A situation in which there is no obvious right or wrong decision, but rather a right or right answer (Ghillyer, 2008, p. 9). Meaning there is no obvious right or wrong answer, but both right answers. Leaving an equally one right choice undone, others likely to suffer something bad after the choice is made, contradicting a personal ethical principle in making that choice and abandoning an ethical value of a community or society in making that choice (Ghillyer, 2008, p. 9). As it is shown in the case provided The Layoff Alice is facing an ethical dilemma, whether to tell her friend about the Layoff or to stay loyal to her boss and the company. This essay will domnstright the ethical dilemma that Alice is facing, following the process for making moral decision and relevant ethical theories. In the Layoff Case study; Alice is facing an Ethical Dilemma because they are two moral values in conflict. The two values are telling the truth or stay loyal. Here in this situation, if Alice tells the truth to her friend, it would mean that shes being disloyal to her boss and to the company that has treated her so well for such long time, but at the same time she still loyal to her friend by informing him about the layoff before purchasing the house leading to have financial problems on the future. Or on the other hand, if Alice wont tell her friend about the Layoff and know that her friend will purchase a house, it would mean that she still loyal to her boss and the company. Alice must weigh the loyalty to her friend against the loyalty her boss and the company to make her decision. There is no guidance or direct way to solve an ethical dilemma and making the right ethical decision, like the situation Alice is facing. However what Alice needs to do for solving her dilemma is to take some real step as guideline for evaluating and determining the ethical decision. That decision must be logical, based on facts and should be accepted by moral principles. In other words, if moral decision or conclusion is defensible, then it must be supported by defensible moral principles, together with relevant facts. (Shaw et al, 2009, p.28). First step in moral decision making is to determine the facts of the situation. Its important to gather facts and information before jumping to conclusion. Alice should gather as much information that will help her relating to her dilemma. For example, she may find out whats the company legal requirement on informing workers about Layoff. Also she may gather enough information to determine how long it would take these 200 workers to find new jobs. Second step is to identify the ethical issues involved. Its important that, Alice shouldnt jump to conclusion before identifying the ethical issues that related to her dilemma. In this case, one professional ethical issue has to do with rights of both the workers and the company. Alice should define the workers legal right to know about the plant closing in advance. The other ethical issue has to deal with companys right to keep the information private. Furthermore, Alice must determine the obligation for her company toward its workers in t his regard. At more personal level, there are the ethical issues related to principles such as honesty, loyalty and promise keeping. In the context of ethical decision making, the next step is to identifying all stakeholders all of those individuals or groups, who have a stake in the particular decision or action (Trevino Nelson, 2010, p.54). Alice should identify the stakeholders that will be affected by her decision before jumping to conclusion, and how they are been affected. First Alice should consider the stakeholders that will be affected immediately by closing down the plant for example, Alice, the workers and Alices boss. Then she should consider on large scale for example, local community and social responsibility. Imagine if the plant is located in small town; fairness to the entire community becomes an important ethical issue. Shouldnt the community have as much time as possible to plan for the impact for shutting down the plant? After identify all stakeholders, the following step is to compare and weigh the alternative theory. Here we will use to two theories, consequentialist and Non- consequentialist theory. The consequentialist theory focuses on the result of the decision or action and its divided into Egoism and Utilitarianism (Shaw et al, 2009, p.58). To keep the Layoff information completely from the affected workers would fall under Ethical Egoism approach. Egoism An Act is morally right if and only if, it best promotes an agents long-term interests (Shaw et al, 2009, p.59). Here morality is linked with self-interest, meaning no basic duty to assist others but sometimes by pursuing long-term self-interest actions may be contrary to the person immediate interest, but beneficial in the long-term. For example, Alice wont tell her friend about closing down the plant because she may be interested in her position in the company for the future, so Alice wont breach confdality of the company. Utilitarianism is the second approach in the consequentialist theory We should always act to produce the greatest possible balance of good over bad for everyone affected by our actions (Shaw et al, 2009, p.64). Here the ethical decision aiming to maximas good and minimise harms. A utilitarian would approach an ethical dilemma by identifying all stakeholders in a particular situation as well as the actions and their consequences (harms and/or benefit) for each. Here in this case, if Alice tells her friend about the layoff, her friend and other workers might be benefit by getting informed about the situation earlier, especially, one of the workers is purchasing a house in a following week. On the other hand, if Alice wont tell the workers about the layoff to protect her company by keeping informations to herself. Alice and her family will be benefited first by keeping her job because she is still loyal to her company; also the company is benefited as there is no rumours going around ab out closing down the plant which indeed it will prevent several future crises. The Non- consequentialist is different than consequentialist theory. This theory is often formulated in such a way that the rightness of an action consists in its conformity to a moral rule or command. The Non- consequentialist is divided into three approaches: Kant, Duty of care and Virtue ethics. (Shaw et al, 2009, p.58) Kant Gives firms standards, but doesnt depend on result. Add a humanistic element into moral decision making (Shaw et al, 2009, p.71). This theory held that the actual action should be based only on duty and good will, then our actions will result moral judgment regarding the consequence of that action. In this case, if Alice thinks that her duty to her friend is more important than the company, then indeed she will inform her friend about the layoff anyway even if her job in the line. Or the other way around, Alice might consider her duty to protect the company is way too important than inform her friend and the workers bout the layoff. Duty of care focus on duties rather than consequences Decisions are made based on whats right on boar, abstract universal ethical principles or values such as honesty, promise keeping, fairness, loyalty, justice, responsibility, comparison and respect for human beings and property (Trevino Nelson, 2010, p.42). Regarding to this approach, there might be some certain moral values that are binding, regardless of the consequences if the actions or decision are good. Therefore some actions would be considered wrong even if the results of the actions were good. For example, if Alice doesnt tell her friend about the loyal, it would result positive sign to the company. However it would be wrong action as Alice is not loyally to her friend by keeping the information away. Virtue ethics focuses more on the quality of the moral actor (the person) rather than the moral act itself (actions taken). Here, the issue is not whats the right thing to do? Or whos benefiting the most? The issue here is the person whose acting is considered to be morally good character such as honest, loyalty integrity etc. In this case, Alice decision will be based on here moral character that will make her happy the most. If telling the truth will make Alice happier than being loyal to her company, it means Alice will inform her friend about the layoff regarding what are the consequences later. However if being loyal makes Alice more happy, then she wont inform her friend about any changes at work even though her friend is purchasing a house next week, because being loyal to her company means her more than telling the truth to her friend. Finally, the last step in moral decision making is to make a decision. In any ethical dilemma, there is no right or wrong answer but both rights as it mentioned before. However the person whos making decision must gather all facts, consider all the potincol harm and benefit to all stakeholders that will be affected by the action. Also must determine the ethical value of the person that makes the action. Thus, no company is immune to problems. The companies that survive are the ones that can spot ethical issues and correct them before they become problems. My advice to Alice to manage the layoff is trying as much as possible to let not spread the rumours around work. Instead Alice should openly discuss the layoff situation between the company and the workers though meetings and try to explain that the company is facing low down in the market and the layoff is their last potion. Alice should convince her company about the social responsibility toward workers by trying to find similar jobs for those who are their job in the line. . As a result, it will attract positive image to the company by handling the layoff in such ethical way

Budget for Terrorism :: essays papers

This year’s budget will be required to address the new and dangerous reality of terrorism on the US home front. Over the next 5 years $50 billion dollars has been allotted to plans that are specifically geared to dealing with terrorism. In my belief in is important to separate the budget into two different categories of counter-terrorism. The first category allocates money in response to the attacks of September 11th. This money will contribute to programs that offer monetary assistance to both those directly affected by the attacks and those suffering from the negative economic impact of the attack. Approximately $30 billion dollars will be allocated to these programs for the first 2 years of the budget. In the following three years the monetary aid will be decreased to $20 billion dollars and that money will be funneled into maintaining security concerns both at home and abroad. The second category of programs seeks to combat terrorism on the home front. The programs includ ed here will focus on preparing the US for and against more attacks. For the first two years the remaining $15 billion dollars will be given to these programs. After two years that $15 billion will be increased to $25 billion dollars because of the assumption that as the war on terrorism continues new avenues of terrorism will develop and new security measures will have to be developed. In the first 2 years $25 billion dollars of aid will be distributed into economic aid programs. $10 billion dollars will go as aid to US commercial airlines and the other $15 billion will go to increasing the benefits of the unemployed. It is important to help the airlines recover because of the money the represent in business and tourism. Also there is the issue of the lose of jobs in aviation since the attacks. In the 2-month period since September 11th 200,000 jobs have been lost in aviation. With the unemployment rate at it’s highest in the past 20 years the government cannot afford an even larger decrease in jobs. After 2 years this $10 billion will be decreased to $7 billion. This is an optimistic assumption that within this time period the airlines will be able to stabilize from the emergency and also be able to adapt to the new demands on their business. However, it is important to continue the aid